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Haɗa zuwa Makomar Wutar Lantarki: Nau'in Haɗin Cajin EV

A cikin shekarar da ta gabata ta 2023, siyar da motocin lantarki sun sami nasarar juyin juya halin kasuwa cikin sauri kuma sun nuna babban buri na gaba. Ga ƙasashe da yawa, 2025 zai zama lokaci don wani buri. Kwarewar da aka yi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya tabbatar da cewa samar da wutar lantarki na sufuri wani juyin juya halin makamashi ne mai dorewa wanda ya himmatu wajen tinkarar matsalar sauyin yanayi da kuma hidima ga koren muhalli. Binciken masu amfani ya nuna cewa cajin EV shine babban shinge ga ɗaukar EV. A wasu kalmomi, idan masu amfani sun yi imanin cewa cajin EV abin dogara ne, dacewa, sauƙi, da araha, to, shirye-shiryen su na siyan EVs zai yi ƙarfi.

 

A matsayin maɓalli na tsarin cajin abin hawa na lantarki, daidaitawar mai haɗin caji, dogaro, da aiki kai tsaye yana shafar ingancin caji na EVs da ƙwarewar caji na masu mota. Kodayake ka'idodin cajin masu haɗawa a duk duniya ba su haɗa kai ba, har ma wasu suna ja da baya daga wannan wasan. Koyaya, fahimtar nau'ikan masu haɗin caji har yanzu yana da ma'ana don haɓakar EVs na dogon lokaci da sake amfani da wasu tsoffin samfuran lantarki.

 

Dangane da nau'in caji, ana iya raba cajin EV zuwa yanzu kai tsaye (DC) da alternating current(AC). Ƙarfin daga grid koyaushe yana canza halin yanzu, yayin da batura ke buƙatar adana wuta a cikin sigar halin yanzu kai tsaye. Cajin DC yana buƙatar mai canzawa da aka gina a cikin caja don canza canjin halin yanzu zuwa kai tsaye ta yadda za a iya samun babban adadin kuzari cikin sauri kuma a canja shi zuwa baturin EV. Cajin AC yana buƙatar caja a cikin mota don canza wutar AC zuwa wutar DC da adana shi a cikin baturi. Don haka, babban bambanci tsakanin hanyoyin biyu shine ko mai canzawa yana cikin caja ko mota.

Haɗin kudan zuma (4)

 

Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke sama, tare da haɓaka masana'antar motocin lantarki ya zuwa yanzu, masu kera motoci sun ƙirƙiri ka'idojin haɗin caji da yawa bisa ga yankuna daban-daban na tallace-tallace. AC Type 1 da DC CCS1 a Arewacin Amurka, da AC Type 2 da DC CCS2 a Turai. DC na Japan yana amfani da CHAdeMO, wasu kuma suna amfani da CCS1. Kasuwar kasar Sin tana amfani da ma'aunin GB/T a matsayin ma'aunin cajin motocin lantarki na kasa. Bugu da kari, EV giant Tesla yana da na'urar caji ta musamman.

 

Mai Haɗin Cajin AC

Caja na gida da caja a wuraren jama'a kamar wuraren aiki, kantuna, otal-otal, da gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a halin yanzu galibin Cajin AC ne. Wasu za a haɗa kebul na caji, wasu ba za su yi ba.

J1772-Nau'in 1 Mai Haɗi

Dangane da ma'aunin SAE J1772 kuma an tsara shi don amfani tare da tsarin AC guda ɗaya na 120 V ko 240 V. Ana amfani da wannan ma'auni na cajin AC a Arewacin Amurka da Asiya, kamar Japan da Koriya, kuma yana goyan bayan ƙimar cajin AC lokaci ɗaya kawai.

 

Hakanan ma'aunin yana bayyana matakan caji: AC Level 1 har zuwa 1.92kW da AC Level 2 har zuwa 19.2kW. Tashoshin cajin AC na jama'a na yanzu kusan na'urorin caja ne na Level 2 don biyan buƙatun cajin motocin mutane, kuma caja na gida na Level 2 shima ya shahara sosai.

 

Mennekes-Type 2 Connector

Mennekes ce ta tsara shi, Tarayyar Turai ta ayyana shi a matsayin ma'aunin cajin AC don kasuwar Turai kuma wasu ƙasashe da yawa sun karɓe shi. Ana iya amfani da shi don cajin EVs ta 230V guda-lokaci ko 480V ƙarfin AC mai mataki uku. Matsakaicin ikon wutar lantarki na matakai uku na iya kaiwa 43kW, wanda ke cika buƙatun caji na masu EV.

 

A yawancin tashoshin cajin AC na jama'a a Turai, don dacewa da kasuwar EV iri-iri, cajin igiyoyi yawanci ba a haɗa su da caja. Direbobin EV yawanci suna buƙatar ɗaukar igiyoyin cajin su (wanda ake kira BYO Cables) don haɗa caja da motocinsu.

 

Haɗin kudan zuma (6)

 

Workersbee kwanan nan ya ƙaddamar da EV caji na USB 2.3, wanda ba wai kawai yana kiyaye daidaitaccen ingancinsa da babban dacewa ba amma yana amfani da fasahar da aka lulluɓe ta roba don cimma cikakkiyar ƙwarewar kariya. A lokaci guda, ana inganta sarrafa kebul ɗin la'akari da yanayin amfani da mabukaci. Zane na faifan kebul da Velcro yana sauƙaƙa da jin daɗi ga masu amfani don amfani kowane lokaci.

 

GB/T Connector

Ma'auni na ƙasar China don cajin EV yayi kama da Nau'in 2 a fayyace. Duk da haka, alkiblar igiyoyinta na ciki da ka'idojin sigina sun bambanta. Single-lokaci AC 250V, halin yanzu har zuwa 32A. Uku AC 440V, na yanzu har zuwa 63A.

 

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar EV na kasar Sin, masu haɗin GB/T sun zama sananne cikin sauri a kasuwannin duniya. Baya ga kasar Sin, akwai kuma babban bukatar cajin mai haɗin GB/T a Gabas ta Tsakiya da ƙasashen CIS.

 

Mai Haɗin Cajin DC

Ko da yake muhawara game da fa'ida da rashin amfani na AC da DC yana da zafi sosai, tare da yaduwar EVs mai girma, yana da gaggawa don ƙara lamba da rabon cajin DC mai sauri.

Haɗin Tsarin Cajin:Mai Rarraba CCS1

Dangane da nau'in mai haɗa cajin AC na Nau'in 1, ana ƙara tashoshi na DC (Combo 1) don babban ƙarfin DC da sauri har zuwa 350kw.

 

Kodayake mai haɗin cajin Tesla da aka ambata a ƙasa yana cin hauka yana cinye kason kasuwa na CCS1, CCS1 har yanzu zai sami wuri a kasuwa saboda kariyar manufar tallafin da aka sanar a baya a Amurka.

 

Workersbee, mai daɗaɗɗen mai samar da mai haɗa caji, har yanzu bai daina kasuwancinsa a cikin CCS1 ba, yana ci gaba da tafiyar da manufofinsa da haɓaka samfuransa. Samfurin ya wuce takaddun shaida na UL, kuma abokan ciniki sun yaba da amincin sa da amincin sa gaba ɗaya.

 

Bayan Amurkawa, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu kuma za su yi amfani da wannan ma'aunin caji na DC (hakika, Japan ma tana da nata mai haɗin CHAdeMO DC).

 

Haɗin Tsarin Cajin:Mai Haɗin CCS2

Mai kama da CCS1, CCS2 yana ƙara tashar tashar DC (Combo 2) dangane da na'urar cajin AC Type 2 kuma shine babban mai haɗawa don cajin DC a Turai. Ba kamar CCS1 ba, lambobin AC (L1, L2, L3, da N) na Nau'in 2 akan mahaɗin CCS2 an cire su gaba ɗaya, an bar lambobi uku kawai don sadarwa da ƙasa mai kariya.

 

Workersbee ta ɓullo da masu haɗin sanyaya na halitta tare da fa'idodi masu tsada da masu sanyaya ruwa tare da fa'idodi masu inganci don masu haɗin caji mai sauri na CCS2 na DC.

 

Haɗin kudan zuma (5)

 

Yana da kyau a ambata cewa CCS2 na'ura mai sanyaya caji mai haɗawa 1.1 na iya rigaya cimma ingantaccen ci gaba mai ƙarfi har zuwa 375A babban halin yanzu. Hanya mai ban mamaki na sarrafa hawan zafin jiki ya jawo hankali sosai daga masu kera motoci da masu yin cajin kayan aiki.

 

Mai haɗin CCS2 mai sanyaya ruwa yana fuskantar buƙatun gaba zai iya cimma ingantaccen fitarwa na yanzu na 600A. Ana samun matsakaici a cikin mai sanyaya mai da sanyaya ruwa, kuma ingancin sanyaya ya fi sanyaya na halitta.

 

Mai Haɗin CHAdeMO

Masu haɗin caji na DC a Japan, da wasu tashoshi na caji a Amurka da Turai kuma suna ba da kantunan soket na CHAdeMO, amma ba buƙatun manufofin dole ba ne. A ƙarƙashin kasuwar matsi na CCS da masu haɗin Tesla, CHAdeMO ya nuna rauni a hankali kuma har ma an haɗa shi cikin jerin "ba a la'akari da shi ba" ta yawancin masana'antun caji da masu aiki.

 

GB/T DC Connector

Matsakaicin cajin DC na baya-bayan nan na China da aka sabunta yana ƙara matsakaicin halin yanzu zuwa 800A. Yana da babbar fa'ida ga fitowar sababbin nau'ikan lantarki tare da babban ƙarfin aiki da tsayin daka akan kasuwa, haɓaka shahara da haɓaka saurin caji da caji.

 

Dangane da martanin kasuwa game da rashin aikin da aka yi na tsarin riƙe makullin mai haɗin haɗin DC, kamar mai haɗawa yana da saurin faɗuwa ko buɗe gazawar, Workersbee ya haɓaka mai haɗa GB/T DC.

 

ma'aikata bee connector (1)

 

Ƙarfin kulle ƙugiya yana ƙaruwa don kauce wa gazawar haɗin gwiwa tare da abin hawa, inganta aminci da ƙwarewar mai amfani. Bugu da ƙari, ba wai kawai inganta kwanciyar hankali na kulle lantarki ba amma har ma yana ɗaukar ƙirar sauyawa mai sauri, wanda ya rage farashin kulawa don amfani mai yawa.

 

Mai Haɗin Tesla: Mai Haɗin NACS

Haɗaɗɗen ƙira don duka AC da DC shine rabin girman mai haɗin CCS, kyakkyawa da haske. A matsayin mai kera motoci na maverick, Tesla ya sanya wa mai haɗin cajin sa suna mizanin Cajin Arewacin Amurka.

 

Wannan buri kuma ya zama gaskiya ba da dadewa ba.

 

Kamfanin Tesla ya bude ma'aunin cajin sa na caji kuma ya gayyaci wasu kamfanonin mota da na cajin hanyoyin sadarwa don amfani da shi, wanda ke da matukar tasiri a kasuwar caji.

 

Manyan masu kera motoci da suka hada da General Motors, Ford, da Mercedes-Benz sun shiga cikin nasara. Kwanan nan, SAE kuma ya daidaita shi kuma ya ayyana shi azaman J3400.

 

ChaoJi Connector

Kasar Sin ce ke jagoranta da hadin gwiwar kasashe da dama, na'urar sadarwa ta ChaoJi tana hada fa'idar manyan na'urorin caji na DC na yanzu, yana inganta lahani, da inganta daidaiton yankuna daban-daban, da nufin cimma matsaya mafi girma a duniya da bukatu masu tabbatar da ci gaba a nan gaba. IEC ta amince da maganin fasaha gaba ɗaya kuma ya zama daidaitattun ƙasashen duniya.

 

Koyaya, a ƙarƙashin gasa mai zafi daga NACS, makomar ci gaban har yanzu ba a bayyana ba.

 

Haɗin kai na masu haɗa caji na iya haɓaka haɗin gwiwar kayan aikin caji, wanda babu shakka zai amfana da taruwar EVs. Hakanan zai rage farashin shigar da masu kera motoci da masu yin cajin kayan aiki da masu aiki, da haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar wutar lantarkin sufuri.

 

Koyaya, saboda ƙuntatawa na manufofin gwamnati da ƙa'idodi, akwai kuma shinge ga buƙatu da fasahohi tsakanin masu kera motoci daban-daban da masu ba da kayan aikin caji, yana mai da matuƙar wahala a haɗa matakan haɗin caji na duniya. Jagoran ma'auni na haɗin caji zai bi zaɓin kasuwa. Rabon kasuwar masu amfani yana ƙayyade waɗanne ƙungiyoyi ne za su yi dariya ta ƙarshe, sauran kuma na iya haɗuwa ko ɓacewa.

 

A matsayin majagaba a cikin cajin mafita, Workersbee ta himmatu wajen haɓaka haɓakawa da daidaita masu haɗawa. Duk samfuranmu na AC da DC sun sami kyakkyawan suna a kasuwa kuma sun ba da gudummawa mai kyau ga haɓaka masana'antar caji. Kullum muna fatan yin aiki tare da fitattun shugabanni a cikin masana'antar don gina koren sufuri nan gaba.

 

Workersbee yana ba abokan aikinmu mafi kyawun hanyoyin cajin abin hawa na lantarki tare da ingantattun samfura, fasahar yankan, da ƙarfin samarwa mai ƙarfi.


Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-12-2024
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